that is freely distributed
under the terms of the GNU Public License.
is a non-profit organization that provides vendor-independent professional
certification for
system administrators and programmers.
Linux Professional Institute
has a fundamental interest in championing workforce development initiatives
for Linux and Open Source professionals. It also work on wider industry initiatives to promote the creation of
Linux jobs and the recognition of the value of IT certification.
The
provides a qualification that can be used to
indicate that someone is competent at a certain level.
The exams cover a range of different Linux based topics. The exams are available in almost every country
in the world, and are translated into a number of different languages.
The exams are primarily multiple choice questions, with some written answers. These are either taken using a computer
based system, or using a paper based exam. The organisation encourages active community participation in creating
and updating exams. Anyone can use the exam Objectives Development wiki, or the Exam Development Mailing List to
participate in the creation of new exams and the update of the existing ones.
The exams are distribution-neutral, requiring a general knowledge of Linux rather than specifics about a certain
distribution. This is shown in the way that the exams deal with the differing package management formats
.
In earlier versions of the test one of these was chosen by the candidate. In the current version the candidate
is expected to know both formats.
The examinations can be taken at any
is a required exam for LPI certification Level 1. It covers basic skills for the Linux Professional that
are common to major distributions of Linux. This exam covers fundamental Linux skills such as file management and manipulation,
text processing, command line use, package management, filesystems, hardware and many more.
Detailed Objectives
Topic 105: Shells, Scripting and Data Management
105.1 Customize and use the shell environment
Key Knowledge Areas
Set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell
Write BASH functions for frequently used sequences of commands
Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts
Set command search path with the proper directory
105.2 Customize or write simple scripts
Key Knowledge Areas
Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests)
Use command substitution
Test return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command
Perform conditional mailing to the superuser
Correctly select the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line
Manage the location, ownership, execution and suid-rights of scripts
105.3 SQL data management
Key Knowledge Areas
Use of basic SQL commands
Perform basic data manipulation
Topic 106: User Interfaces and Desktops
106.1 Install and configure X11
Key Knowledge Areas
Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server
Awareness of the X font server
Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file
106.2 Setup a display manager
Key Knowledge Areas
Turn the display manager on or off
Change the display manager greeting
Change default color depth for the display manager
Configure display managers for use by X-stations
106.3 Accessibility
Key Knowledge Areas
Keyboard Accessibility Settings
Visual Settings and Themes
Assistive Technology (ATs)
Topic 107: Administrative Tasks
107.1 Manage user and group accounts and related system files
Key Knowledge Areas
Add, modify and remove users and groups
Manage user/group info in password/group databases
Create and manage special purpose and limited accounts
107.2 Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs
Key Knowledge Areas
Manage cron and at jobs
Configure user access to cron and at services
107.3 Localisation and internationalisation
Key Knowledge Areas
Locale settings
Timezone settings
Topic 108: Essential System Services
108.1 Maintain system time
Key Knowledge Areas
Set the system date and time
Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC
Configure the correct timezone
Basic NTP configuration
Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service
108.2 System logging
Key Knowledge Areas
syslog configuration files
syslog
standard facilities, priorities and actions
108.3 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics
Key Knowledge Areas
Create e-mail aliases
Configure e-mail forwarding
Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration)
108.4 Manage printers and printing
Key Knowledge Areas
Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers)
Manage user print queues
Troubleshoot general printing problems
Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues
Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals
109.1 Fundamentals of internet protocols
Key Knowledge Areas
Demonstrate an understanding network masks
Knowledge of the differences between private and public "dotted quad" IP-Addresses
Setting a default route
Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 119, 139, 143, 161, 443, 465, 993, 995)
Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP and ICMP
Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPV6
109.2 Basic network configuration
Key Knowledge Areas
Manually and automatically configure network interfaces
Basic TCP/IP host configuration
109.3 Basic network troubleshooting
Key Knowledge Areas
Manually and automatically configure network interfaces and routing tables
to include adding, starting, stopping, restarting, deleting or reconfiguring network interfaces
Change, view, or configure the routing table and correct an improperly set default route manually
Debug problems associated with the network configuration
109.4 Configure client side DNS
Key Knowledge Areas
Demonstrate the use of DNS on the local system
Modify the order in which name resolution is done
Topic 110: Security
110.1 Perform security administration tasks
Key Knowledge Areas
Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set
Set or change user passwords and password aging information
Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system
Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage
Basic sudo configuration and usage
110.2 Setup host security
Key Knowledge Areas
Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work
Turn off network services not in use
Understand the role of TCP wrappers
110.3 Securing data with encryption
Key Knowledge Areas
Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage
Understand the role of OpenSSH
Perform basic GnuPG configuration and usage
Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels)
